The rounded elevation, a little above its middle is called the quadrate tubercle. The angle facilitates movements of the hip joint. The greater trochanter is a large quadrangular prominence located at the upper part of the junction of the neck with the shaft. It is a pronounced ridge on the posterior surface of the femur, which begins at the intersection of the shaft and neck of the femur. Other associated disorders such as obesity, endocrinopathies (like growth hormone abnormalities, hypothyroidism, and hypogonadism) have also been observed as predisposing factors to developing slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Two bones are connected by interosseous membrane which is also sometimes called middle tibiofibular joint. The tibia also has a mechanical axis (the mechanical axis of the tibia) which runs from the knee joint line to the center of the ankle joint. Muscles that originate from the pelvis and insert on the anterior or posterior surface of the femur to facilitate flexion and extension around the hips. The femur is the only bone in the thigh and the longest bone in the body.
Vastus lateralis –  upper part of the intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter, the lateral lip of the gluteal tuberosity, and the upper half of the lateral lip of the line aspera. It serves for the attachment of the ligament of the head of the femur. The upper part of this surface may be covered by articular cartilage. The posterior surface is convex from above downwards and concave from side to side. It is both the longest and the strongest bone in the human body, extending from the hip to the knee. Anteversion is the angle formed between the transverse axis of the upper and lower ends of the femur. Fibular hemimelia is rare and expression may […], fracture shaft of femur is referred to the fracture of the diaphysis of femur. Muscles which arise from the femur will cross the knee joint to insert on the proximal tibia promote flexion and extension around the knee. It is not intracapsular in its lower lateral part. Like its counterpart, it is also associated with a lateral epicondyle, which functions as a point of attachment for the lateral collateral ligament. Find out more about the anatomy of the hip and knee joints using the following study units: The patella articulates with the patellar surface of the distal femur.
The free ends of each meniscus (the horns) are attached to the tibial plateau by ligaments.

Therefore the head of the femur may ‘slip’ off of the supporting neck, thus the term slipped capital femoral epiphysis (or slipped upper femoral epiphysis) was coined. It features the following landmarks: The medial condyle is the medial knee joint surface of the femur, which has an articular surface and a medial epicondyle. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. Lower end of Femur – At end of the 9th month of intrauterine life.

Copyright © The tables below summarize the thigh muscles and their points of origin or insertion with respect to the femur. This intricate combination of bones is further reinforced by numerous ligaments to enhance its stability. At ankle, the articulation between tibia and fibula is called inferior tibiofibular joint. Patients may provide a history of trauma and associated pain from the injury. The popliteal artery lies upon the popliteal surface. The problem arises if there is damage to the neck of the femur; this could compromise the blood supply to the femoral head and lead to avascular necrosis. Adductor magnus is inserted into the medial margin of the gluteal tuberosity, the linea aspera, the medial supracondylar line, and the adductor tubercle. Orthopedic health, conditions and treatment. Clinicians may also want to entertain fractures of the neck of the femur or primary knee pathologies as possible differential diagnoses. •

The distal end of the femur has a rich blood supply arising from the popliteal vessels and the deep perforators. Variation in the angle of convergence impacts the angle between the lateral aspects of the tibia and femur (the femoral-tibial angle, which is roughly 175 degrees). The most lateral aspect (the part closest to the greater trochanter) is known as the base of the femoral neck or the basicervical portion of the neck is the widest part of the neck of the femur. All three bones of the hip (ischium, ilium, and pubis) contribute to the formation of a relatively shallow concavity on the lateral aspect of the bone known as the acetabulum. Arising from the medial tibial eminence and inserting posteromedially on the medial wall of the lateral condyle. The popliteal surface is a triangular field on the posterior aspect of the femur. There is a posterolateral surface which is limited anteriorly by the lateral border and posteriorly by the linea aspera. Superiorly, the linea aspera is continuous with three ridges: the lateral ridge, the intermedial ridge (also called the pectineal line), and the medial ridge. Not only are there age-related differences in the angle of inclination, but there is also significant sexual dimorphism related to this anatomical feature as well. Anteriorly, the condyles articulate with patella and this articulation extends more on the lateral condyle than on the medial. It forms the medial boundary of the distal attachment of the iliacus muscle. The femoral neck is strengthened by a thickening of bone called the calcar femorale present along its concavity.