Oligo- and homopolysaccharides produced from sucrose by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have received increasing attention mainly because of their potential toward industrial applications such as texturizing agents and prebiotics (Naessens et al., 2005). Vinodh A.E. Weissella genus is phylogenetically related to Leuconostoc and Oenococcus and arose from the reclassification of Leuconostoc paramesenteroides and some related ‘atypical’ heterofermentative lactobacilli (Collins et al., 1993). Laboratoire de Biologie appliquée à l'Agroalimentaire et à l'Environnement (LBAE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Auch, France. Int. De Vuyst

et al., 2010a. J. Microbiol. Furthermore, soluble dextransucrase activities obtained with glucose as the carbon source were always higher than those produced with sucrose (Fig.

Messens [ Links ], Somogyi, M. (1945), A new reagent for the determination of sugars.

MJEC One μL of freshly prepared cell extract was spotted on a 384 Opti-TOF stainless steel MALDI target plate (AB Sciex, Nieuwerkerk aan den Ijssel, The Netherlands). Sodium acetate concentration was varied from 0.05 to 0.3% to observe its effect on enzyme and glucan production.

Effect of glucose as cosubstrate on glucan-sucrase and glucan production. The effect of Tween 80 on enzyme and glucan production was studied by varying its concentration from 0.02 to 0.3% (v/v) in the medium. The three isolates were facultative anaerobic, with growth ability at 15, 30 and 37 °C. The sourdough strain W. confusa C39-2 displayed a different pattern from the type strain DSM 20196T.



The MALDI-TOF MS data analysis was performed by raw data (mass spectra) extracted as t2d files from the 4800 plus MALDI TOF⁄TOFTM-analyzer. M Amino acid sequence alignment of the DSRK39 partial sequence from the Weissella cibaria strain K39 (GU237484.2) with GTFKg3 of Lactobacillus fermentum Kg3 (AY697433.1), DSRWC of W. cibaria CMU (EU885339.1) and DSR-S of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F (U81374.1). Kostinek M. et al., 2007.

PCR amplifications were carried out using a Gradient Master Thermocycler (Eppendorf). S In addition, zymogram was performed to specifically detect dextransucrase activity. Key words: Weissella confusa, glucansucrase, glucan, Tween 80. Besides, an additional faint band was detected at 300 kDa for the W. confusa DSM 20196T strain and only in sucrose growth conditions (Fig. M FEMS Immunol. Thus, on the basis of their biochemical properties, two strains of Weissella paramesenteroides were selected as microbial starters for gari (a cassava fermented partially gelatinized granular product) production. Safety assessment of Weissella confusa – A direct-fed microbial candidate. E However, this study showed that isolates Wc 114, Wc 21 and Wc 69 were heterofermentative bacilli, but the API 50 CHL kit was ineffective for their identification.

These results thus indicate the natural biodiversity of exopolysaccharide-producing Weissella strains from sourdough.

In cassava dough used for attiéké production, the titratable acidity increases up to 0.6 ± 0.05% after 24 h (Coulin et al., 2006). Profiles from W. confusa strains were clearly discriminated from W. cibaria ones (Fig. J. Syst. Medium without sodium acetate was considered as control. Anal. H Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient was used to determine similarity between the spectra. Van Geel-Schutten DNA was amplified as follows: denaturation for 1 min at 94 °C, annealing for 1 min at 54 °C (bMAR1F-bMAR2R) or 59.8 °C (dsrK39For-dsrK39Rev) and elongation for 3 min at 72 °C for a total of 38 cycles. JF

Unité de Bioindustries. E Fontagné-Faucher Characterization of polymers by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis showed that these strains synthesize linear dextran with only a few (2.4–3.3%) α-(1→3)-linked branches from sucrose. nov. has recently been isolated from a Ghanaian cocoa fermentation (De Bruyne et al., 2008). (1952) that contained (%, w/v) sucrose, 2; yeast extract, 2; K2HPO4, 2; MgSO4.7H2O, 0.02; MnSO4.4H2O, 0.001; FeSO4.7H2O, 0.001; CaCl2.2H2O, 0.001; NaCl, 0.001 and the pH was adjusted to 6.9. Microb. Faber Maina

Abidjan 22 (Côte d’Ivoire). The concentrations of other components were kept constant. Med.

The medium containing the 2% sucrose was considered as control.

Bozonnet

Glucans are class of polysaccharides of varing structure with contiguous α(1→6) glycosidic linkages in the main chain and varing percentage of α(1→2), α(1→3), and α(1→4) linkages. Dijkhuizen

Opin.

Res., 81, 105-129. Therefore, high osmotolerance ability is a desirable feature for industrial LAB. Biotechnol. Gardini N

2b). Environ., 17(4), 634-643. Specht The enzyme activity was determined by estimating the released reducing sugar by Nelson (1944) and Somogyi (1945) method. Rapid identification and typing of Listeria species by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. [ Links ], Goyal, A and Katiyar, S.S. (1997), Effect of certain nutrients on the production of dextransucrase from L. mesenteroides B-512F. * Author for correspondence: arungoyl@iitg.ernet.in, All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 - CIC, Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. The strain Weissella confusa (Cab3) (GenBank Accession Number: GU138518.1) (Shukla and Goyal, 2011) was isolated from fermented cabbage.

K

M

Depending on the type of glucosidic linkages as well as the degree and organization of branching, glucansucrases can be classified into different categories (Monsan et al., 2001; van Hijum et al., 2006). The PCR involved an initial denaturation step (94 °C, 5 min), followed by an appropriate PCR cycling step and a final elongation step (72 °C, 10 min). Fructose was used to plot the standard graph. Int. Taxonomic studies on some leuconostoc-like organisms from fermented sausages: description of a new genus Weissella for the Leuconostoc paramesenteroides group of species. A glucan producing Weissella confusa isolated from fermented cabbage, as identified earlier, was used for optimization of its fermentation medium.The effects of various macronutrients such as sucrose, glucose as cosubstrate, yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, sodium acetate, K 2 HPO 4 and Tween 80 were studied on glucansucrase and glucan production from Weissella confusa.
et al., 2012. The basal medium was adjusted with 1M phosphoric acid and 1M NaOH and the tubes were incubated at the specific temperatures (for effect of temperature) at 37 °C for effect of pH, concentrations of lactic acid and NaCl.

The medium without Tween 80 served as a control. Schrijvers Chem., 163, 221.

Johansson

Vandamme Cells were washed twice with 20 mM sodium acetate buffer pH 5.4 and concentrated twofold within the same buffer.

Phylogenetic classification and identification of bacteria by mass spectrometry. 22 BP 582. L Tsuchiya et al., 1952 studied the effect of sucrose, corn steep liquor and phosphate on dextransucrase production. J The supernatant of W. cibaria K39 harvested from the glucose medium culture was concentrated up to fivefold with a Centricon (30 kDa cut-off, Millipore) to reach a protein concentration around 1 g L−1, as determined by the Bradford method (Bradford, 1976), and subjected to SDS-PAGE. From the results it was concluded that higher concentrations of nitrogen sources inhibited glucansucrase or glucan production which could be due to their complex nature.

3A, Table 1), which is 7% and 21% more than that observed in control medium containing 2% yeast extract. G Res. Vandamme Int.

D ��|W�����Zb�i��a�`�[����J���5]���׸@-A6�KA)T����Ke:�ú^�׫ں)d���:���5d|���B����]K��Ve{*����a���[MCl}8[̌J��{B��ns��X�l~��3&��k"^_�v"p�W�dEҝα��F* ��@{|vN��g�.��d������t���`�EEw+���*���@k`�[R�����{T��"��]w��|y��v��6 #=[ �'�� |��G�����T(Vu} �떟��{�U�i�h(���n�=iޖ�~�Q`�� ���b�/_�հ��[G�ޡ���C,�G�a��q��?#�z3;���p�� c�I~�kB�o̢q�)n�I��QT'8��+���a���_R�_Qh*l[����z��b��P��pE��Ѯ�$��6w��. Radström

It is a prerequisite to formulate a medium for fermentation process to obtain maximum biomass and high yields of desired metabolic products.

M Biol. (1980), Structural analysis of dextrans from strains of Leuconostoc and related genera that contain 3-O-α glucosylated-D-glucopyranosyl residues at the branched points or in consecutive linear position.

Ten Brink Food Microbiol., 26, 734-743. JS

nov., a motile lactic acid bacterium from submerged cassava fermentations, and emended description of the genus Weissella.

a review. 8The three isolates synthesized α-amylase and cell wall-degrading enzyme pectinase for isolate Wc 114, and they fermented raffinose which is an indigestible sugar. Edward and some Lactobacillus strains, notably Lactobacillus reuteri (van Geel-Schutten et al., 1999; Monsan et al., 2001; Kralj et al., 2004; Schwab & Gänzle, 2006; Arsköld et al., 2007). BioNumerics was used to set up a database composed of the MALDI-TOF MS profiles of reference strains and isolates. Virkki The culture was maintained in modified MRS (sucrose replaced by glucose) (Goyal and Katiyar, 1996), as stab at 4ºC and sub-cultured every 2 weeks. Int. The genus Weissella is phylogenetically related to Leuconostoc and Oenococcus and arose from the reclassification of Leuconostoc paramesenteroides and some related atypical heterofermentative lactobacilli ().
Vargha M., Takats Z., Konopka A. Akely P.M.T., 2012. Kirsanovs The cell free supernatant was analyzed for enzyme activity protein concentration and glucan content. & Savoy de G.G., 2004. The effect of glucose as cosubstrate with sucrose on glucansucrase and glucan production was studied. Three other LAB strains have been used as reference: W. cibaria DSM 15878T, W. confusa DSM 20196T and Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F.

Microbiol., 109(4), 1402-1410. The culture was stopped when a pH value of 5.0 was reached. Biomass production and small-scale testing of freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria starter strains for cassava fermentations. Briefly, after strain precultivation in MRS broth at 25 °C, a 100 mL culture was prepared (initial OD550 nm=0.3) in plain MRS (glucose medium) or in MRS containing 4% w/v sucrose instead of 2% w/v glucose (sucrose medium). (, Iacumin In addition, these enzymes also produce oligosaccharides when acceptor molecules such as maltose are present in the reaction mixture along with sucrose (Monsan et al., 2001; Korakli & Vogel, 2006).