During incidents such as nuclear weapons testing and fisheries disputes some nations arbitrarily extended their maritime claims to as much as fifty or even two hundred nautical miles. The term territorial waters is sometimes used informally to refer to any area of water over which a state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and potentially the continental shelf. For purposes of this list, "maritime boundary" includes boundaries that are recognized by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which includes boundaries of territorial waters, contiguous zones, and exclusive economic zones. Twenty-two countries, taking advantage of the fact that the 1958 convention left open the question of the extent of territorial waters, unilaterally established wider territorial waters. Territorial waters are marked off from the low-water line, either from the borders of inland waters or from baselines. 6 nautical miles (11.1 km; 6.9 mi): Greece (in Aegean sea). 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'?

Test Your Knowledge - and learn some interesting things along the way. Interestingly, this question doesn’t appear to be simply google-able. Although Kosovo's sovereignty has been recognized by 108 states, it is not a member of the United Nations and Serbia disputes its sovereignty, claiming that Kosovo remains one of its provinces. Largest English-speaking country and largest in the Western Hemisphere by … For example, Brazil, Peru, Sierra Leone, Uruguay, and Ecuador have limits of 200 nautical miles. Learn a new word every day. coastal states have been held to have jurisdiction over unenclosed waters for 3 nautical mi (3.45 mi/5.55 km) from the low water line, a measure originally derived from the distance of a cannon shot. Territorial waters definition is - the waters under the sovereign jurisdiction of a nation or state including both marginal sea and inland waters. [4] A coastal nation has control of all economic resources within its exclusive economic zone, including fishing, mining, oil exploration, and any pollution of those resources. Nationally protected areas are defined using the six IUCN management categories for areas of at least 1,000 hectares: scientific reserves and strict nature reserves with limited public access; national parks of national or international significance and not materially affected by human activity; natural monuments and natural landscapes with unique aspects; managed nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries; protected landscapes (which may include cultural landscapes); and areas managed mainly for the sustainable use of natural systems to ensure long-term protection and maintenance of biological diversity. Japan: 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) limit applies to the Soya Strait, the Tsugaru Strait, the eastern and western channels of the Korea Strait and the Osumi Straits only. A state can also choose to claim a smaller territorial sea.

The first number is the total number of distinct maritime boundaries that the country or territory shares with other countries and territories. In 1990, South Ossetia declared sovereignty from, The maritime boundary between Norway and Russia is continuous from the north edge of the European mainland to the sea between, In the early 1990, Transnistria attempted to separate itself, first from the, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, (including French overseas departments, collectivities, and territories), Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, List of countries and territories by land borders, List of countries and territories by land and maritime borders, territories, dependencies, or collectivities, Cook Islands – United States Maritime Boundary Treaty, Niue – United States Maritime Boundary Treaty, 1996 France – United Kingdom Maritime Delimitation Agreements, 1993 United Kingdom – United States Maritime Boundary Treaties, Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina, Australia–France Marine Delimitation Agreement, Australia – Solomon Islands Maritime Boundary Agreement, Cape Verde – Mauritania Maritime Delimitation Treaty, Cape Verde – Senegal Maritime Delimitation Treaty, Honduras – United Kingdom Maritime Delimitation Treaty, Case Concerning Maritime Delimitation between the Republic of Peru and the Republic of Chile (Peru v. Chile), Cook Islands – France Maritime Delimitation Agreement, Cuba – United States Maritime Boundary Agreement, Dominica–France Maritime Delimitation Agreement, Dominican Republic – United Kingdom Maritime Boundary Agreement, Equatorial Guinea – Nigeria Maritime Boundary Treaty, Equatorial Guinea – São Tomé and Príncipe Maritime Boundary Treaty, Fiji–France Maritime Delimitation Agreement, overseas departments, collectivities, and territories, 1983 France – United Kingdom Maritime Boundary Convention, France – Saint Lucia Delimitation Agreement, France–Seychelles Maritime Boundary Agreement, France – Solomon Islands Maritime Delimitation Agreement, France–Tonga Maritime Delimitation Convention, Gabon – São Tomé and Príncipe Maritime Border Agreement, Straits Settlement and Johore Territorial Waters Agreement of 1927, Marshall Islands – Federated States of Micronesia Maritime Boundary Treaty, Nigeria – São Tomé and Príncipe Joint Development Zone Treaty, Papua New Guinea – Solomon Islands Maritime Boundary Treaty, United States – Venezuela Maritime Boundary Treaty, Maritime delimitation between Romania and Ukraine, Maritime Space: Maritime Zones and Maritime Delimitation, "Limits in the Sea No. Except as provided in Part IV, waters on the landward side of the baseline of the territorial sea form part of the internal waters of the State. In recognition of the vulnerability of animal and plant species, SDGs include targets 14 and 15 to highlight the importance of marine and terrestorial protected areas. If this would overlap with another state's territorial sea, the border is taken as the median point between the states' baselines, unless the states in question agree otherwise.
In the U.S. federal system, individual states exercise ownership (subject to federal law) up to 3 nmi (5.6 km; 3 1⁄2 mi) (9 nmi [17 km; 10 1⁄2 mi] for Texas and Florida) from shore, while the federal government exercises sole territorial jurisdiction further out (see Tidelands). Turkey: 6 nautical miles (11.1 km; 6.9 mi) in the Aegean Sea, 12 nautical miles (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) in the Black and Mediterranean Seas. Conflicts have occurred whenever a coastal nation claims an entire gulf as its territorial waters while other nations only recognize the more restrictive definitions of the UN convention. In 1999, U.S. agencies were empowered by presidential proclamation to enforce American law up to 24 miles (39 km) offshore, doubling the previous limit. The contiguous zone is a band of water extending farther from the outer edge of the territorial sea to up to 24 nautical miles (44.4 km; 27.6 mi) from the baseline, within which a state can exert limited control for the purpose of preventing or punishing "infringement of its customs, fiscal, immigration or sanitary laws and regulations within its territory or territorial sea". There are known data and knowledge gaps for some countries/regions due to difficulties in reporting national protected area data to the WDPA and/or determining whether a site conforms to the IUCN definition of a protected area.

Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Because of differences in definitions, reporting practices, and reporting periods, cross-country comparability is limited. Adjustment of these boundaries is called, in international law, maritime delimitation. This is a list of countries and territories by maritime boundaries with other countries and … [6] It was only at the UNCLOS III (1973-1982) conference, whose provisions did not come into force until 1994, that this issue was resolved at twelve nautical miles. Recommendations have been given for 8 of the submissions. Territorial waters, in international law, that area of the sea immediately adjacent to the shores of a state and subject to the territorial jurisdiction of that state. This is either the low-water mark closest to the shore, or alternatively it may be an unlimited distance from permanently exposed land, provided that some portion of elevations exposed at low tide but covered at high tide (like mud flats) is within 3 nautical miles (5.6 kilometres; 3 1⁄2 statute miles) of permanently exposed land. In a narrower sense, the term is used as a synonym for the territorial sea.[1]. |

Development Relevance: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) defines a protected area as "a clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long-term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values."