These goals varied from nation to nation; weapons research was emphasized in the United States and the Soviet Union, for example, but in France and China scientific independence and self-reliance dominated.

I was particularly struck by the revelations of competition within the Soviet Union. Please try your request again later. When NASA was created after the launch of Sputnik, though, Congress gave the agency a very limited role in atmospheric science. The Other Side of Success: Money and Meaning in the Golden State.

This could be remedied, however, by changing the focus of oceanographic research. We work hard to protect your security and privacy. In order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading. [Naomi Oreskes; John Krige;] -- Investigations of how the global Cold War shaped national scientific and technological practices in … Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required.

Please try again. This shopping feature will continue to load items when the Enter key is pressed. The Art of Persistence: Stop Quitting, Ignore Shiny Objects and Climb Your Way to S... Naomi Oreskes is Professor of the History of Science and Affiliated Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University. Science and Technology in the Global Cold War (Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology). We accept, as a matter of principle that is rarely debated, that the context of intellectual work is part of its history, and that any account of knowledge that does not include its cultural origins is at best incomplete, and at worst misleading in intellectually and politically significant ways. Anyone writing technically-oriented history of the second half of the twentieth century will find useful linkages here between the technical events and the political maneuverings of the three superpowers that managed to fight the Cold War without actually terminating life on Earth. Solve your motivational problems, by understanding how the mind works. This use of the pile will unquestionably be rich in scientific, medical, and technological applications.”² That August, after President Truman signed the Atomic Energy Act, the Manhattan Engineer District began distributing radioisotopes. book Science and technology in the global cold war. The contributors find that whatever the particular science, and whatever the political system in which that science was operating, the knowledge that was produced bore some relation to the goals of the nation-state. Investigations of how the global Cold War shaped national scientific and technological practices in fields from biomedicine to rocket science. From Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology. Scientists had to adapt to a regime of knowledge production that was far more project-oriented, team-based, bureaucratized and subject to the restrictions of national security than it had been before. ; SPHERE TRACKED IN 4 CROSSINGS OVER US. The Cold War period saw a dramatic expansion of state-funded science and technology research. Government and military patronage shaped Cold War technoscientific practices, imposing methods that were project oriented, team based, and subject to national-security restrictions. Government and military patronage shaped Cold War technoscientific practices, imposing methods that were project oriented, team based, and subject to national-security … The contributors also consider to what extent the changes to science and technology practices in this era were produced by the specific politics, anxieties, and aspirations of the Cold War. Addicted to the internet? on JSTOR. These goals varied from nation to nation; weapons research was emphasized in the United States and the Soviet Union, for example, but in France and China scientific independence and self-reliance dominated. You do not have access to this Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. A very valuable reference for people who study science and technology, correcting some widely held misperceptions. Government and military patronage shaped Cold War technoscientific practices, imposing methods that were project oriented, team based, and subject to national-security restrictions.

He is the author of American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe and the coeditor of Science and Technology in the Global Cold War… At the same time, if we look at this collection as a whole, rather than treat each of its contributions as distinct elements, certain commonalities come into relief. The day after the launch, a headline in theNew York Timesgave confirming details: SOVIET FIRES EARTH SATELLITE INTO SPACE; IT IS CIRCLING THE GLOBE AT 18,000 M.P.H. To get the free app, enter your mobile phone number. The Cold War period saw a dramatic expansion of state-funded science and technology research. These goals varied from nation to nation; weapons research was emphasized in the United States and the Soviet Union, for example, but in France and China scientific independence and self-reliance dominated. Investigations of how the global Cold War shaped national scientific and technological practices in fields from biomedicine to rocket science. During the next ten years, the... At first blush, Chinese science during the Cold War appears to reflect the same move toward “gadgeteering” that Paul Forman has documented in US physics.¹ After the communist revolution of 1949, many Chinese scientists who had previously pursued research in basic science began working instead on topics with immediate and direct potential applications. The Cold War period saw a dramatic expansion of state-funded science and technology research. Yet the question of exactly how context affects content remains challenging. Science and Technology in the Global Cold War, (For EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, Zotero, Mendeley...), 2 Atomic Tracings: Radioisotopes in Biology and Medicine, 3 Self-Reliant Science: The Impact of the Cold War on Science in Socialist China, 4 From the End of the World to the Age of the Earth: The Cold War Development of Isotope Geochemistry at the University of Chicago and Caltech, 5 Changing the Mission: From the Cold War to Climate Change, 6 Fighting Each Other: The N-1, Soviet Big Science, and the Cold War at Home, 7 Embedding the National in the Global: US-French Relationships in Space Science and Rocketry in the 1960s, 8 Bringing NASA Back to Earth: A Search for Relevance during the Cold War, 9 Calculating Times: Radar, Ballistic Missiles, and Einsteinʹs Relativity, 10 Defining (Scientific) Direction: Soviet Nuclear Physics and Reactor Engineering during the Cold War, 11 The Cold War and the Reshaping of Transnational Science in China, 12 When Structure Met Sputnik: On the Cold War Origins of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 13 Big Science and ʺBig Science Studiesʺ in the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The contributors find that whatever the particular science, and whatever the political system in which that science was operating, the knowledge that was produced bore some relation to the goals of the nation-state. The particular change von Arx wanted was from warfare to weather (and climate). In the late 1960s, the isotope geochemist Clair “Pat” Patterson—already famous among earth scientists for determining a precise age for the planet—reported the disturbing results of his study of lead concentrations in the ice of northern Greenland.¹ Using ice cores that contained uninterrupted sequences of annually deposited snows reaching back several centuries, Patterson and his colleagues had determined a record of environmental lead that showed the increase of lead pollution from the Industrial Revolution to the 1960s. The contributors also consider to what extent the changes to science and technology practices in this era were produced by the specific politics, anxieties, and aspirations of the Cold War.ContributorsElena Aronova, Erik M. Conway, Angela N. H. Creager, David Kaiser, John Krige, Naomi Oreskes, George Reisch, Sigrid Schmalzer, Sonja D. Schmid, Matthew Shindell, Asif A. Siddiqi, Zuoyue Wang, Benjamin Wilson. Are you tired of quitting? Please try again. This volume examines science and technology in the context of the Cold War, considering whether the new institutions and institutional arrangements that emerged globally constrained technoscientific inquiry or offered greater opportunities for it. An outspoken socialist and pacifist, he worked tirelessly for civil rights, for civilian control of atomic energy, and to correct the abuses of domestic anti-communism. Log in to your personal account or through your institution. Read this book.