We also explored how American views on this conflict emerge in a competitive context of bipartisan U.S. support for Israel alongside foreign criticism of Israel. Arab nationalism was whipped up by the Mufti of Jerusalem, Haji Amin al-Husseini. On 17 May, Abdullah ordered Glubb Pasha, commander of the Arab Legion, to launch an attack against the Holy City. According to Razoux, this idea explains the attitude of the British, who, following this plan, would thereby fulfill the promises made by Arthur Balfour to the Yishuv and the Hashemite empire at the same time. [200], Although the Haganah was a poorly armed ragtag militia, its offensive of the last weeks went well, because Arab villages did not come to the help of their neighboring Arab villages or towns. The forces of the Arab Liberation Army fled without entering battle, and the first phase of the operation finished when Acre was taken on 18 May. (...) But Abdullah had said that he could now, on 10 May, only offer the Jews "autonomy" within an enlarged Hashemite kingdom. Druze soldiers took position in several Arab villages 12 kilometres to the east of Haifa,[154] whence they occasionally attacked traffic and Jewish settlements, including Ramat Yohanan. 32, 117. In the peace talks that followed the end of the war, parts of the Ottoman Empire were handed over to the French to control and parts were handed over to the British – including Palestine. clarification needed] as a débâcle for which Fawzi Al-Qawuqji offered extravagant excuses, declaring in particular that the Jewish forces has 120 tanks, six squadrons of fighter and bomber aircraft and that they were supported by a regiment of gentile Russian volunteers. Not all objectives were achieved before the British enforced a cease-fire. Ben-Gurion left the final decision to Shaltiel. He also stated that Sir Alec Kirkbride and Glubb Pasha thought at the time that, at the very least, Azzam Pasha, the Secretary of the Arab League, must have known about Abdullah's double game. [177], In Jerusalem, the British held several strategically located security zones named "Bevingrads", at its centre. Almost immediately, Israel was attacked by Arab nations that surrounded in a war that lasted from May 1948 to January 1949. Joseph, pp. Moreover, only a few young Arab men from untouched areas (e.g. To the Palestinian Arabs, the area the Jews call Israel, will always be Palestine. The Jewish forces captured four cities (Tiberias, Jaffa, Safed, and Haifa) and 190 villages; most of their residents fled. The refugees flooded Samaria, central Galilee, Mount Hebron region, Gaza region, as well as Transjordan, Lebanon, and southern Syria. British leaders tried in vain to make the Arab leaders reconsider their decision,[197] and Ismail Safwat resigned in indifference, but the Arab states seemed resolute. Respondents were randomly assigned to the control or one of the experimental conditions. Figure 3 shows a modest decrease in both sympathy for Israel and support for settlements among respondents exposed to criticism of Israel, and a neutralising effect on participants exposed to simultaneous foreign criticism and Congressional domestic support for Israel. The experimental conditions each added a paragraph with an Israeli, Palestinian, or British human rights organisation criticising the conduct of the Israeli military. On 15 May 1948, the Arab League announced officially that it would intervene in Palestine to guarantee the security and right to self-determination of the inhabitants of Palestine in an independent state.

Future government of Palestine A/RES/181(II)(A+B) 29 November 1947, Dominique Lapierre et Larry Collins (1971), "Selected Documents on the 1948 Palestine War", http://www.zmo.de/biblio/nachlass/hoepp/01_30_064.pdf, United Nations Special Commission (16 February 1948), Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins (1971), http://www.עמותת-חיל-החימוש.co.il/?section=217#_ftn19, Plan D – Master Defense Plan of the Hagana, "The Battle for Jerusalem in the Memoirs of Anwar Nusseibeh", Proposed Israeli annexation of the West Bank, Anti-Jewish attacks in Arab countries during the 1948 Palestine war and its aftermath, The Origins and Evolution of the Palestine Problem, Villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestinian exodus, 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine, North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972, Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States, American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1947–1948_civil_war_in_Mandatory_Palestine&oldid=984089893, 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Asia, Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, Articles with dead external links from June 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2014, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2013, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2018, Articles lacking reliable references from July 2013, Articles with Hebrew-language sources (he), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Jewish forces overcome Palestinian Arab forces, Collapse of the Arab society in Palestine, During the night of 20–21 January, a force of 700, On 27 January, 'a band of 300 men from outside Palestine, was established in the area of, During the night of 29–30 January, a battalion of the, The 1st Yarmouk regiment, commanded by Muhammad Tzafa, entered Palestine on the night of 20–21 January, via the Bridge of Damia from Jordan and dispersed around, The Hittin regiment, commanded by Madlul Abbas, settled in the west of Samaria with its headquarters in, The Hussein ibn Ali regiment provided reinforcement in.